2/24 樂生IDEA印度行影片放映---黑皮獨腳追尋人權之國際旅程!

時間：2/24(日)下午5點 地點：樂生院中山堂 說明：

春節前，樂生幾個阿姨阿公推著輪椅，拄著柺杖，彼此攙扶，要到印度參加世界漢生大會。她們覺得這可是我們的場子，全世界的醫療、社福、人權NGO都來了。李添培難掩緊張與期待，因為Taiwan樂生也被邀請在大會報告三年來抵抗被終結的努力。

阿添叔坐在輪椅上，各種膚色語言的人紛紛趨前幾哩咕嚕和他挨卅子。雖然都聽不懂，他總是爽朗回應Taiwan!Taiwan!指著自己，接著遞根菸猛點頭。會場裡，一位黑皮白牙獨腳印度年輕人用一根棍子行走，阿添叔希望最後要離開那天能把自己的柺杖送給他。

Neglia,莫三比克,還有菲律賓、中國、巴西、日本、韓國，反正各國人幾哩瓜啦什麼都通啦!阿姨說:我們好像一家人。印度的麻風社區是三代同堂，孩童黑皮白牙大眼一個比一個漂亮。

週日2/24樂生春酒會上放映這段樂生IDEA踏上印度這個古文明國度，為了追尋晚年人權的國際旅程,並進行說明。本次大會台灣代表團由樂生保留自救會同時也是國際組織IDEA taiwan 分會成員組成,一行共有七人,歡迎採訪。

附件說明： 樂生IDEA 李添培(中/英)演講稿(第十九屆麻風國際會議論壇報告)

樂生院李添培(中/英)演講稿(參與第十九屆麻風國際會議論壇報告)

樂生保留自救會/IDEA Taiwan(國際愛地芽協會台灣分會)

講者: 李添培(IDEA Taiwan 理事長/樂生保留自救會會長) 主辦單位：WHO,GOVS.INDIA,NIPPON FUNDATION,ILA,ILEP,IDEA 題目：樂生院抵抗被終結運動經驗分享

歷史背景:為公共衛生犧牲 圖片1：樂生保留自救會長同時也是國際組織IDEA Taiwan分會代表李添培先生受邀演講 http://picasaweb.google.com/changren.masato/20080130/photo#5163454942291...

圖片2：與聯合國漢生(痲瘋)防治大使/日本財團基金會董事長 笹川陽平(Sasakawa Yohei)合影 http://picasaweb.google.com/changren.masato/20080130/photo#5163455642371...

圖片3：樂生保留自救會（國際組織IDEA Taiwan分會）參與大會與日本團,中國大陸團等代表

與聯合國漢生(痲瘋)防治大使/日本財團基金會董事長 笹川陽平(Sasakawa Yohei)合影 http://picasaweb.google.com/changren.masato/20080131/photo#5163457630941...

日本殖民政府在1930年建立樂生院，強制執行隔離政策。二次大戰結束以後，國民黨接收台灣以後也接管樂生院，而在此歷史脈絡下，我們可以檢視漢生病患在不同政治力量下所受的壓迫傷痕。

在台灣，我們(前)漢生病患被剝奪自由、尊嚴、醫療權益、家庭、居住權、教育以及就業權，被剝奪所有應有權益。舉例來說:我在1949年被警方強制押入院，從15歲至今已經59年。在院內我們的人權也受到迫害，包括強制勞動、早期的禁止結婚、人體醫療實驗、與錯誤治療。不論是日本政府或是國民黨都實施強制隔離政策，並且加深了社會對漢生病患的岐視。

然而，漢生病在1980年代開始逐漸消失了，隔離政策與檢疫也開始較有彈性，然而以往對漢生病患的人權剝奪並沒有被社會檢討，反而是慢慢被遺忘。

因此，在這樣的社會環境與歷史背景下，樂生院民也很難重回社會或是原生家庭，於是在樂生院內生養自己的第二代家庭，直至今日，樂生社群仍然有300多名成員。

樂生拆遷抗爭:為社會經濟發展犧牲

在1990年，政府計畫將捷運機場預定地設在樂生院區內，罔顧院民的公民權與醫療權，並且違背政府當初「先建後拆」的承諾，樂生院民被再次剝奪家庭權，並且強制遷離長久居住的家園。

我們這群因為當年隔離政策長久被社會邊緣化的人，在此又為經濟發展犧牲權益。院民開始意識到政府即將拆除樂生院，嚴重迫害我們的尊嚴與居住權，因此，許多院民展開爭取人權與反抗社會不正義對待的行動。

在此同時，許多生態行動主義者展開保存樂生老樹的行動，歷史學者肯定院內古蹟的深厚文化價值，學生團體展開了大規模的直接反抗行動，2004年，日本律師團也曾經帶患者到日本去打官司，在許多人的幫助下，樂生院民都全力參與，並且體認到「病人也有人權」。

2005年，政府興建類似醫療機構的新大樓，不顧院民的日常生活需求，強制院民搬入，遭受院民的強烈反對，也得到社會運動團體的支持。然而政府完全藐視院民的人權運動，以及聯合國正式發函的警告，以哄騙與強迫的方式將年老與身體傷殘的院民，遷移至新大樓。至今，三分之一的院民選擇搬入新大樓，三分之一的院民被強迫搬離，而約有三分之一的院民選擇留在樂生繼續為自身權益與政府不當對待奮鬥。

覺醒與尊嚴之戰:拯救我們的家園

在2005年日本東京法院判決殖民時期的漢生隔離政策嚴重違反人權以後，院民們終於覺醒。我們認為，在過去政府以公共衛生的名義迫害院民人權，如今，又以公共交通建設的理由，再次侵犯我們的人權。

我們決定在立法院推動新的法案，並學習日本漢生運動的經驗，參考日本法律對病友的保障，並且強調樂生院本身的歷史與家園價值，尋回我們病友被剝奪的尊嚴與長久失落的人權。

然而，台灣政府當局延續了對樂生院民的歧視與生存忽視，堅持拆除樂生院。2007年，台北市政府捷運工程局在台北縣政府的授意下，強制拆遷進入行政程序，並且出動鎮暴部隊鎮壓院民與大批支持者。在廣大的非營利組織、學生行動主義者團體、與國際愛地芽(IDEA)組織的協助與支持下，我們發起連署要求中央政府的即刻停工，並且考慮可行的替代方案，樂生議題受到社會的廣大關注。

經過三週激烈的衝突與抵抗贛旋，最後決定與政府當局談判，要求評估替代方案的價值。然而最新情報顯示，中央政府在5月30日依然做了即將拆遷一些房舍和鄰近住民的決策。為了興建新莊捷運維修場，樂生院民在2012年以前，都不能繼續住在這個園區內，將全數被強迫驅離。此外民間的工程專家發現樂生院正位於擾動斷層以及高地下水壓地段，意即這個基地只要開始開挖，將會引發地質的連鎖反應破壞。整個樂生院範圍建築都可能因此坍塌毀壞。因此直到現在，我們對於這樣的風險難題至今感到難以評估左右為難。去年九月(912)，捷運建設部門再次帶著數以百計的警察部隊鎮壓保衛者，並且展開強勢開挖樂生院的入口的工程。

今年三月之後，我們將再此面臨「令人憂慮的狀況」，因為台灣總統大選之後國民黨籍後選人「馬英九」，支持經濟發展「捷運建設優先」，樂生再次危在旦夕。 經驗分饗與我們的訴求：

總結所有漢生病錯誤政策受害者所受的苦難，包括身體、心理和社會環境的種種隔離，並根據樂生院的經驗與全球激進與賦權的漢生組織交流社會發展經驗。直指社會的改革與政策的需求： 我們共同呼籲台灣政府正視漢生病政策受害者的人權，並訴求： 1、為過去錯誤的隔離政策正式向受害者道歉並進行補償。 2、立即完成「漢生人權保障法」並且修改岐視性的相關法令。 3、完整保存樂生療養院，作為保證對康復者安養照顧，紀念犧牲者並提昇人權的社會教育。 4、發起對漢生病友及家屬「反岐視」與「社會差別對待」改革運動。

Historical backgrounds : Sacrifice for “public health”

Lo-Sheng sanatorium (樂生院) was established in 1930 under Japanese colonial rule in the name of Taiwan govern-general of Japan Empire. It reflected the extremely isolation policy of Japanese government in the era.

After WWII, when KMT (China Nationalist Party, 國民黨) requisite Taiwan island, Lo-Sheng Sanatorium was also succeeded by new government. Because of these historical backgrounds, we can see many vestiges of oppression to the people affected with Hansen’s people under different rulers for long days.

In Taiwan, we Hansen’s disease patients/ ex-patients had been deprived our freedom, dignity, health rights, families, homeland, chance for occupation or education, and everything. For instance, I was arrested by police and forced to live in Lo-Sheng in 1949, when I have just entered high school; I grew up and went through 59 years inside the sanatorium. We also had been suffered by violations of human rights, including forcible labor, prohibition of marriage in early days, forcible sterilization, forcible abortion, forced to enroll clinical trials, serious medical malpractice and etc. Whether Japanese imperialism or KMT’s monarchy, the government had promoted the isolation policy for public health in the society and increased discriminations and stigmas, while it had been violating human rights of Hansen’s disease patients/ ex-patients in the Lo-Sheng sanatorium.

The Hansen’s disease prevalence decreased in 1980s, and isolation policy had been flexibly conducted. Hence, it was regardless of Hansen’s quarantine and anti-leprosy issues gradually in Taiwan society.

In that reason and historical context, large percent of the sanatorium residents have not been able to return into society and hard to go back to homeland. Residents and our next generations have lived in the sanatorium and became members of the community. Even now, we are living in Lo-Sheng and there are still about 300 residents.

Crisis of closure:Sacrifice for “economic development”

In 1990s, government planned on the Taipei subway system (Taipei Mass Rapid Transit System, MRT, 台北捷運系統) and its depot was appointed to cover Lo-Sheng area. It was neglect of civil rights of people diseased by leprosy, and residents of Lo-Sheng were unwitting of their right of abode and health care. Infringement of the policy, “construction then demolition”, it was executed against previous promise since 2002; families were forced to leave sanatorium area by destroyed houses and command of compulsory movement. Therefore, banishment and separation of families put on the stage again.

Social justice has sacrificed by allowable economic development in sequences of extended social exclusion of marginalized people. Thereupon, Lo-Sheng residents had realized that government planned to close the sanatorium and our residency rights and dignity was seriously threatened. Residents have aware of resistance to the closure of the sanatorium and inequity of social justice foot by foot.

At that time, some of ecology activists tried to save old trees in the sanatorium, and some of historians were interested in the buildings of Lo-Sheng.Larger resistant actions started by a small students’ group in 2004, Japanese lawyers came to Lo-Sheng for the court of compensation against Japanese government on the same time. These advocacy actions empowered people affected by Hansen's disease in Taiwan, also promoted stigma elimination campaigns for public awareness.

In 2005, government built “new building” for us to live in, but we found that it is just like a generic hospital, with disregard to every day life of elderly Hansen’s disease ex-patients. Thus we protested against forcible moving, increased support from social organizations. Despite our struggle, even including formal press release of United Nations, the authorities forced elderly and handicapped residents to move into “new building”. As a result a third of the residents lived into the hospital, a third part was evicted from the sanatorium, another third decided to save our “second homeland” and still stay there.

Awareness and struggle for dignity : Save our second homeland

After the judgment on 25th October in Tokyo, which has certified the human rights violations under colonial period, we have truly awaked. We began to recognize that we were sacrificed in the name of “public health” in the past, and will be sacrificed again in the name of “public traffic construction (economic development)”.

We decided to act for promote legislation of the new law. When the bill was submitted in Diet (立法院), we made many proposals referring to the experience of movement and law in Japan. The advocacy of Lo-Sheng sanatorium has been emphasizing on home and history preserving to regain our lost dignity and recognize the true value of human rights of the people affected by Hansen’s disease.

However, it is consistent mood in Hansen’s disease of Taiwan government basic policy that marginalization and discrimination in disease, individual, and social level. Despite of our efforts, government would never change the plan of closing our Lo-Sheng community. In March 2007, Taipei County government (台北縣政府), under authorization by the department of subway construction (台北市政府捷運工程局), forced trough the administrative procedure of eviction notice, disposed hundreds of riot police over residents and supporters strong protest. We immediately petitioned the central government for stopping the construction and reconsider about the alternative plans under the support of many NGOs and students activists. This issue was not only highly publicized by domestic mass medium, but also informed globally through international supporters including IDEA.

After three weeks bruising struggle with the authorities, it finally decided to negotiate with concerned authorities, and began to evaluate the alternative plan. However central government made the decision on May 30th that it will be demolished some of houses and residents’ livelihood. Furthermore, it will not be allowed to stay in most area of the community under construction of depot, until 2012. Residents will be forced to evict. Besides some private sector engineers found more serious crisis that there exists the geological problems and high underground water pressure; it means that if some part of the site is excavated, it will cause consequent damage in the geological condition. The ground of our community could be collapsed. Thus, we have not heard any measures to avoid the crisis till now. Last September, the department of subway construction brought hundreds of riot police again, made a blockade and began to dig near by the main gate of Lo-Sheng. Now it worries us that we will be facing critical situation after the presidential election in this March. Since prime candidate, Mr. Ma Ying-Jeou (馬英九) from KMT has been strongly promoting “economic development” including subway construction.

Call for experience sharing and solidarity :

The ultimate solution of social difficulties for people affected with Hansen’s disease is to eliminate the isolation of physical, mental, and social surrounding. Experiences exchange with advocacy and empowerment of people affected with Hansen’s disease within developing society according to Taiwan experiences in Lo-Sheng. Opinions need to be collected to straighten out the difficulties in social recognition and politic will.

Unisonous appeal to Taiwan government to square up to the human rights of people who were affected by Hansen’s disease:

1. Formal apology and compensation to every victim of foregone false isolation policy. 2. Immediate legislation of “Hansen’s disease human rights protection law” and revising the regarding laws. 3. Entire conservation of the sanatorium that will be intended to guarantee proper treatment for the ex-patients, to memorialize the victims and to promote social education of human rights. 4. Campaign against stigma and social discrimination of the people affected with Hansen’s disease and their families. (Jan. 2008, Lee Tien Pei, President of IDEA Taiwan)

Resisting Closure of Lo- Sheng: A Brief Introduction about Our Struggle

樂生保留自救會 IDEA Taiwan

idea.taiwan@gmail.com 台北縣新莊市中正路796號 Lo-Sheng Sanatorium 796 Jhong jheng Rd., Sin- jhuang City, Taipei County, Taiwan