The Nobel Peace Prize winner's list now includes Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo. Get the full winner's list here and see who else has won
The Nobel Peace Prize for 2010 has gone to China's best-known dissident, Liu Xiaobo — who is presently in a prison cell where he is serving 11 years for incitement to subvert state power.
The Norwegian Nobel committee praised Liu Xiaobo for his "long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China. The ... committee has long believed that there is a close connection between human rights and peace." As the news was announced, transmission of both BBC news and CNN television channels was interrupted in China.
So, who wins the Nobel Peace Prize? A number of Chinese dissidents signed a letter in support of Liu Xiaobo. In an article backing him for the prize, the philosopher Xu Youyu wrote:
His activities in 1989 can be seen as formative in the entirety of his following writings and other works, characterised by an unwavering bravery and refusal to back down in the face of danger and suppression, by the pursuit and defence of human rights, humanism, peace and other universal values and, finally, adherence to the practice of rational dialogue, compromise and non-violence
That's a long tradition. There have been 120 Nobel Peace Prize winners since 1901 - many of the prizes have been shared, such as that between Israeli leader Menachem Begin and Egypt's Mohamed Anwar Al-Sadat in 1978 or Frederik Willem De Klerk and Nelson Mandela's in 1993.
We have produced a breakdown of winners - which you can see in the graphic above. The top lines of it are:
• 23 of the 120 have been won by institutions • The US has produced the most winners - 28 so far, including Barack Obama last year. It's followed by the the UK with 15 • This is China's first Nobel Peace Prize • The vast majority of winners are men
Last year we made some pretty dumb technical errors with this list - as a result, it's been comprehensively checked by our readers.
Let us know if we've missed anything - or what you can do with the data.
|
Year
|
Winner
|
Country
|
Joint?
|
Institution or individual?
|
Sex
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1901 | Jean Henri Dunant | Switzerland | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1901 | Frédéric Passy | France | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1902 | Élie Ducommun | Switzerland | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1902 | Charles Albert Gobat | Switzerland | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1903 | Sir William Randal Cremer | UK | No | Ind. | M |
| 1904 | Institute Of International Law | Belgium | No | Inst | |
| 1905 | Baroness Bertha Sophie Felicita Von Suttner | Austria-Hungary (now Czech Republic) | No | Ind. | F |
| 1906 | Theodore Roosevelt | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 1907 | Ernesto Teodoro Moneta | Italy | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1907 | Louis Renault | France | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1908 | Klas Pontus Arnoldson | Sweden | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1908 | Fredrik Bajer | Denmark | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1909 | Auguste Marie Franois Beernaert | Belgium | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1909 | Paul Henribenjamin Balluet D'estournelles De Constant, Baron De Constant De Rebecque | France | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1910 | Permanent International Peace Bureau | Switzerland | No | Inst | |
| 1911 | Tobias Michael Carel Asser | Netherlands | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1911 | Alfred Hermann Fried | Austria | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1912 | Elihu Root | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 1913 | Henri La Fontaine | Belgium | No | Ind. | M |
| 1914 | No Award | ||||
| 1915 | No Award | ||||
| 1916 | No Award | ||||
| 1917 | International Committee Of The Red Cross | Switzerland | No | Inst | |
| 1918 | No Award | ||||
| 1919 | Thomas Woodrow Wilson | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 1920 | Leon Victor Auguste Bourgeois | France | No | Inst | |
| 1921 | Karl Hjalmar Branting | Sweden | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1921 | Christian Lous Lange | Belgium | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1922 | Fridtjof Nansen | Norway | No | Ind. | M |
| 1923 | No Award | ||||
| 1924 | No Award | ||||
| 1925 | Sir Austen Chamberlain | UK | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1925 | Charles Gates Dawes | USA | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1926 | Aristide Briand | France | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1926 | Gustav Stresemann | Germany | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1927 | Ferdinand Buisson | France | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1927 | Ludwig Quidde | Germany | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1928 | No Award | ||||
| 1929 | Frank Billings Kellogg | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 1930 | Lars Olof Nathan (Jonathan) Soderblom | Sweden | No | Ind. | M |
| 1931 | Jane Addams | USA | Yes | Ind. | F |
| 1931 | Nicholas Murray Butler | USA | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1932 | No Award | ||||
| 1933 | Sir Norman Angell (Ralph Lane) | UK | No | Ind. | M |
| 1934 | Arthur Henderson | UK | No | Ind. | M |
| 1935 | Carl Von Ossietzky | Germany | No | Ind. | M |
| 1936 | Carlos Saavedra Lamas | Argentina | No | Ind. | M |
| 1937 | Lord Edgar Algernon Robert Gascoyne | UK | No | Ind. | M |
| 1938 | Nansen International Office For Refugees | Switzerland | No | Inst | |
| 1939 | No Award | ||||
| 1940 | No Award | ||||
| 1941 | No Award | ||||
| 1942 | No Award | ||||
| 1943 | No Award | ||||
| 1944 | International Committee Of The Red Cross | Switzerland | No | Inst | |
| 1945 | Cordell Hull | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 1946 | Emily Greene Balch | USA | Yes | Ind. | F |
| 1946 | John Raleigh Mott | USA | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1947 | Friends Service Council (Quakers) | UK | Yes | Inst | |
| 1947 | Amer. Friends Service Cttee (Quakers) | USA | Yes | Inst | |
| 1948 | No Award | ||||
| 1949 | Lord John Boyd Orr Of Brechin | UK | No | Ind. | M |
| 1950 | Ralph Bunche | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 1951 | Leon Jouhaux | France | No | Ind. | M |
| 1952 | Albert Schweitzer | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 1953 | George Catlett Marshall | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 1954 | Office Of The United Nations High Commissioner For Refugees Geneva | Switzerland | No | Inst | |
| 1955 | No Award | No | |||
| 1956 | No Award | No | |||
| 1957 | Lester Bowles Pearson | Canada | No | Ind. | M |
| 1958 | Georges Henri Pire | Belgium | No | Ind. | M |
| 1959 | Philip J. Noel-Baker | UK | No | Ind. | M |
| 1960 | Albert John Lutuli | South Africa | No | Ind. | M |
| 1961 | Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjold | Sweden | No | Ind. | M |
| 1962 | Linus Carl Pauling | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 1963 | International Committee Of The Red Cross | Switzerland | No | Inst | |
| 1964 | Martin Luther King Jr. | USA | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1964 | League Of Red Cross Societies | Switzerland | Yes | Inst | |
| 1965 | United Nations Children's Fund (Unicef) | USA | No | Inst | |
| 1966 | No Award | No | |||
| 1967 | No Award | No | |||
| 1968 | Rene Cassin | France | No | Ind. | M |
| 1969 | International Labour Organization (ILO) | Switzerland | No | Inst | |
| 1970 | Norman Borlaug | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 1971 | Willy Brandt | Germany | No | Ind. | M |
| 1972 | No Award | No | |||
| 1973 | Henry A. Kissinger | USA | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1973 | Le Duc Tho (Declined prize.) | Viet nam | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1974 | Sean Macbride | Ireland | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1974 | Eisaku Sato | Japan | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1975 | Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov | USSR | No | Ind. | M |
| 1976 | Betty Williams | UK | Yes | Ind. | F |
| 1976 | Mairead Corrigan | UK | Yes | Ind. | F |
| 1977 | Amnesty International | UK | No | Inst | |
| 1978 | Menachem Begin | Israel | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1978 | Mohamed Anwar Al-Sadat | Egypt | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1979 | Mother Teresa | India | No | Ind. | F |
| 1980 | Adolfo Perez Esquivel | Argentina | No | Ind. | M |
| 1981 | Office Of The United Nations High Commissioner For Refugees | Switzerland | No | Inst | |
| 1982 | Alva Myrdal | Sweden | Yes | Ind. | F |
| 1982 | Alfonso Garcia Robles | Mexico | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1983 | Lech Walesa | Poland | No | Ind. | M |
| 1984 | Desmond Mpilo Tutu | South Africa | No | Ind. | M |
| 1985 | International Physicians For The Prevention Of Nuclear War | USA | No | Inst | |
| 1986 | Elie Wiesel | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 1987 | Oscar Arias Sánchez | Costa Rica | No | Ind. | M |
| 1988 | The United Nations Peace-Keeping Forces | USA | No | Inst | |
| 1989 | The 14th Dalai Lama (Tenzin Gyatso) | Tibet | No | Ind. | M |
| 1990 | Mikhail Gorbachev | USSR | No | Ind. | M |
| 1991 | Aung San Suu Kyi | Burma | No | Ind. | F |
| 1992 | Rigoberta Menchú Tum | Guatemala | No | Ind. | F |
| 1993 | Frederik Willem De Klerk | South Africa | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1993 | Nelson Mandela | South Africa | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1994 | Yasser Arafat | Pal Occ Terr | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1994 | Shimon Peres | Israel | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1994 | Yitzhak Rabin | Israel | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1995 | Joseph Rotblat | UK | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1995 | The Pugwash Conferences On Science And World Affairs | Canada | Yes | Inst | |
| 1996 | Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo | East Timor | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1996 | José Ramos-Horta | East Timor | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1997 | Jody Williams | USA | Yes | Ind. | F |
| 1997 | International Campaign To Ban Landmines | USA | Yes | Inst | |
| 1998 | John Hume | UK | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1998 | David Trimble | UK | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 1999 | Médecins Sans Frontières | France | No | Inst | |
| 2000 | Kim Dae-jung | South Korea | No | Ind. | M |
| 2001 | Kofi Annan | Ghana | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 2001 | United Nations | USA | Yes | Inst | |
| 2002 | Jimmy Carter | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 2003 | Shirin Ebadi | Iran | No | Ind. | F |
| 2004 | Wangari Muta Maathai | Kenya | No | Ind. | F |
| 2005 | Mohamed Elbaradei | Egypt | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 2005 | International Atomic Energy Agency | Austria | Yes | Inst | |
| 2006 | Grameen Bank | Bangladesh | Yes | Ind. | |
| 2006 | Muhammad Yunus | Bangladesh | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 2007 | Al Gore | USA | Yes | Ind. | M |
| 2007 | Intergovern- mental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC) | USA | Yes | Inst | |
| 2008 | Martti Ahtisaari | Finland | No | Ind. | M |
| 2009 | Barack Obama | USA | No | Ind. | M |
| 2010 | Liu Xiaobo | China | No | Ind. | M |